Abstract
The inability of ceramic and nanoceramic processing without expensive diamond tools and with a high-material-removal rate hampers the scope of its potential applications and does not allow humanity to make a full shift to the sixth technological paradigm associated with Kuhn scientific revolutions and Kondratieff’s waves and restrains the growth of the economy. The authors completed a review on the research state of ceramic and nanoceramic processing by electrical discharge machining, which is possibly solved by two principal approaches associated with the usage of standard commercially available machine tools. The first approach is related to the introduction of expensive secondary phase; the second approach proposes initiate processing by adding auxiliary electrodes in the form of coating, suspension, aerosol, or 3D-printed layer based on the components of silver, copper, or graphite in combination with an improved dielectric oil environment by introducing graphite or carbon nanoparticles, which is hugely relevant today.
Highlights
By the beginning of the 21st century, ceramics and hard alloys were entirely developed and widely spread in the field of engineering [1,2,3]
According to the results of recent studies [12,13], the samples of nanoceramics obtained by improved hybrid spark plasma sintering can exceed in main operational parameters of technical ceramics sintered by traditional isostatic pressing with subsequent vacuum sintering by 30%
The research subject is connected to the research of the method of applying electrical discharge machining (EDM) to the processing of nanoceramics made by advanced sintering technologies
Summary
By the beginning of the 21st century, ceramics and hard alloys were entirely developed and widely spread in the field of engineering [1,2,3]. Technologies 2019, 7, 55 of cutting tools limits the resulting geometry of the product Other machining methods such as vibroacoustic machining, laser and electron beam scribing, selective laser sintering with a binder, find their specific place in the processing of ceramics. The process of electrical erosion of the material consists of initiating electric pulses in the interelectrode gap, in the breakdown of the dielectric medium in the gap, in establishing a discharge channel, where the temperature reaches more than 10,000 ◦ C (low-temperature plasma). Due to such temperatures, the material is ablated, the drops of cooled material as eroded debris are washed away by the flow of the dielectric medium, and the electrodes again approach to resume the cycle. The dialectical approach includes the systematization and updating of existing knowledge and new data about the object of research
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