Abstract
Spectral polarization observations of radio sources above sunspots are regularly carried out with the RATAN-600 radio telescope (RATAN is a Russian acronym for the Radio Astronomical Telescope of the Academy of Sciences). The in-depth studies of the spectra reveal new effects. In this paper, we analyze the manifestation of radio emission of the fourth gyrofrequency harmonic in microwave spectra obtained with 1-percent frequency resolution in a range of 3–18 GHz. Registration of the extraordinary mode in the short-wavelength range of the spectrum is compared to the model calculations of the second-to-fifth gyrofrequency harmonics against a background of the thermal bremsstrahlung emission of flocculi, surrounding the spot structure of an active region. The brightening of the extraordinary mode in the short-wavelength spectral range and the kinks in the intensity spectra of emission are analyzed. The interpretation of the RATAN-600 observational data with probable diagnostics of the emission of the fourth gyrofrequency harmonic is considered as examples.
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