Abstract
Cognitive radio ad hoc networks (CRAHNs) are a class of cognitive radio networks. In recent years, they have gained popularity, and routing protocols have been proposed. Above all, the protocols based on on-demand routing are considered favorable in the literature. It is mainly because the accomplishments of ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing and dynamic source routing (DSR) in mobile ad hoc networks have lead to a number of adaptations of both protocols to suit CRAHNs. In this paper, we review the on-demand routing protocols applicable for CRAHNs, which are based on AODV, DSR, and hybrid protocols. After explaining their basic principles, we qualitatively compare the protocols in terms of inherent characteristics and performance. This paper further addresses the pros and cons of routing protocols and discusses research challenges and open issues.
Highlights
Cognitive radios enable an adaptive approach in utilizing existing wireless spectrum
ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) is probably more suitable for cognitive wireless networks compared to dynamic source routing (DSR)
Without quality of service (QoS) support, the routing protocol would assign the path and spectrum based solely on its routing metric and might fail to satisfy the application requirements. This survey paper presents a number of on-demand routing protocols for cognitive radio ad hoc networks
Summary
Cognitive radios enable an adaptive approach in utilizing existing wireless spectrum. On-demand routing protocols applicable for cognitive radio ad hoc networks (CRAHNs) are classified and reviewed, and challenges and open issues are discussed. In the AODV and DSR protocols, whenever data communication is needed, the source node would find a route to the destination; this is called route discovery.
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