Abstract
Liu Wan-su's San xiao lun is the earliest existing book solely dealing with the subject of diabetes in traditional Chinese medicine. Its main contribution to the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes is the thorough presentation of pathogenesis. It points out the cause of diabetes is the vacuity of kidney, spleen and stomach while the clinical manifestation shows repletion heat of heart. Its main emphasis is on the common pathogenesis of the three diabetic syndromes rather than their pattern differentiation. Thus, the treatment principle is enriching the yin of kidney and spleen and draining the heart fire with cold and damp drugs. The maneuver in the book is flexible and plays a pivotal role in the theoretical development of diabetes in TCM.
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