Abstract

This paper presents a control circuit which regulates the current consumption of integrated circuits using current injection and voltage scaling techniques. The control circuit can be integrated with smart cards as a countermeasure against power analysis attacks and electromagnetic emanation analysis attacks. We have designed the proposed circuit in 0.18 μm CMOS technology at 1.8 V power supply. The simulation results show that the circuit controls the current through the power supply pin of a model of a smart card microcontroller and attenuates the peak-to-peak current variations by 95%. The power dissipation overhead of the control circuit is less than 20% of the original power dissipation of the smart card microcontroller. Comparing the layout area of the proposed circuit with that of an ASIC 3-DES algorithm in the same technology shows that the control circuit only constitutes 4% of the cryptographic processor. The proposed circuit proves to be especially useful for smart cards and small portable devices, where power dissipation and chip area are critical.

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