Abstract

This work is considered as a comparative study in which the quality of channel estimation (CE) in massive multiple-input multiple-output (M-MIMO) systems is studied by operating at Uplink (UL) phase according to a time division duplex (TDD) scheme using commonly known channel estimators existing in the literature. The least squares (LS) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) channel estimators are investigated with three categories of pilots, namely regular pilots (RPs), time-superimposed (or superimposed ) pilots and staggered pilots (StP). Two patterns of frequency reuse (FR) per category are used. The simulation results showed that by increasing the number of BS antennas with a fixed number of symbols dedicated to the UL phase and vice versa, the normalized mean square error (NMSE) of the LS and MMSE estimators using the superimposed pilot (SuP) or StP is asymptotically approaches the NMSE of the LS and MMSE estimators using the RP, respectively. An asymptotic behavior is studied for two different FR scenarios.Amadid, Jamal Boulouird, Mohamed Riadi, Abdelhamid Hassani, Moha M’Rabet

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