Abstract
AbstractThe term gradient nano-chemo-mechanics was introduced to encompass models incorporating higher order couplings between deformation and chemistry at the nanoscale. Along these lines, the article first reviews the basics of a robust theoretical framework developed for such processes focusing on elasticity and diffusion. The classical laws for Hookean deformation and Fickean transport are modified to include extra Laplacian terms and corresponding internal lengths modeling nonlocal interactions. Then, special cases are considered to describe deformation and fracture aspects of new energy materials; namely Li-ion battery (LIB) nanostructured anodes and disclinated metallic microcrystals (DMC). Both of these material systems are characterized by a high degree of spatial gradient structures (SGS) with extended surface for energy storage and catalysis applications.
Highlights
The terms “nanomechanics” and “chemomechanics” were introduced by the last author in 1995 [1] and 1980 [2] to point out the need for extending existing continuum mechanics models to the nanoscale, as well as the need for developing coupled deformation-di usion models when mechanical stress and chemistry are present on an equal footing
The aforementioned models of gradient elasticity and higher order di usion have not been su ciently considered to address coupled deformation-di usion problems at the nanoscale where the interaction between elastic internal lengths and di usion internal lengths need to be accounted for. This issue becomes especially important in considering chemomechanical processes at small volumes, such as those occurring in microstructured components used in advanced applications for energy storage and catalysis devices
In particular, on size e ects in Si-nanowires (NWs) since these objects are currently explored as potential candidates for Li-ion battery (LIB) anodes, as well as on size e ects in hollow icosahedral small particles (ISPs) since these objects are currently explored as potential candidates for nanocatalysis
Summary
Ioannis Tsagrakis, Iason Konstantopoulos, Alexandros Sidiropoulos, and Elias C. Aifantis* On certain applications of gradient nanochemomechanics: deformation and fracture of LIB and SGS https://doi.org/10.1515/jmbm-2019-0009 Received Jul 5, 2019; accepted Aug 10, 2019
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