Abstract
Real-time (RT) ocean surface wind can make key improvements to disaster alarmingand safety of maritime navigation to avoid loss in property and human lives. Wind scatterometry is a well-acquainted way of obtaining good quality ocean surface winds, and it has been in application for decades. Existing wind-obtaining chains employ ground stations for receiving observations and can, at best, provide products in around 30 minutes for limited regions. In recent years, a satellite information-obtaining and transmission network is the new trend of Earth observation. In this research, on-board wind retrieval environment and procedures, which are different from traditional wind-obtaining chains, are proposed. First, the establishment of the on-board environment is instructed. Structures of each module are provided. The ground simulation system is been established based on this. After that, existing observing and processing routines of wind scatterometry are described, and then an on-board processing chain proposed and described. Modifications to existing satellite-ground chains are highlighted. The proposed method is validated in Level 0 data from the Chinese–French Oceanic SATellite (CFOSAT). Experiments indicate that the proposed on-board processing procedure can provide comparable results to ground-processed wind products. The root-mean-square error (RMSE) of wind speed for a track of data used in the experiment was about 0.26 m/s, and it was about 0.8° for wind direction. By decreasing wind field result quality, calculation time can be lessened in the on-board environment. However, it is found that in the whole chain of on-board wind generation, the most time-consuming procedure is observation-obtaining. The proposed on-board processing method can achieve good wind accuracy while meeting RT applications with good processing time. This provides a good complement to existing on-board-observing-ground-processing chains for RT applications.
Highlights
Ocean surface wind fields are paramount parameters in applications such as disaster monitoring, prediction, and sailing routine optimization [1]
Normalized Radar Cross Section (NRCS) obtained within a wind retrieving unit, i.e., a wind vector cell (WVC), are grouped
For on-board processing, the renewal of numerical weather prediction (NWP) information can be achieved in a future up-link routine [29,30]; for the simplicity of algorithms, in this research, circular medium filtering without NWP was used in wind direction inversion
Summary
Ocean surface wind fields are paramount parameters in applications such as disaster monitoring, prediction, and sailing routine optimization [1]. The traditional spaceborne scatterometer application chain starts from observations conducted by sensors, follows by signal detection, simple on-board signal processing, and relevant information generation. With the fast development of satellite remote sensing methods, on-board hardware types and capabilities, an innovative application mode involving generating and distributing higher levels of products with extracted information rather than original observations has come out [22,23]. If integrated to an established on-board environment, the RT processing and direct broadcast of retrieved winds with high accuracy can be realized for RT applications with a communication-remote-sensing mode [29,30]. Scatterometer processes that are adjusted for on-board applications, including procedures from return power to wind product generation, are described with modifications to the proposed data product forms. Measurements with simultaneous auxiliary attributes of obSseizrevations 4a2re p× r2o5v4id×e2d40bmy ampersonal computer (PC), while the result products are output to anotherPionwsteerad of being d2o8w0 Wnlinked for RT applications
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