Abstract
We study the consequences of Onsager's rule of balance between the contributions of free and bound ions. The key point is the independence with respect to the fine details of the definition of a chemical species (ion pairs). In this way we come to a formulation of Onsager's rule in the chemical picture as a tractable recipe. Bjerrum's spatial definition of an ion pair is generalized and made consistent with the cluster expansions. Further we study the consequences of using other mass action constants. We study the free energy landscape and give a variational principle for the choice of a mass action constant, which provides stationary values for the free parameters. Finally we discuss the limits of a chemical description.
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