Abstract
It is well known that the model Hamiltonian of the theory of superconductivity can be obtained from the general Hamiltonian for Fermi systems if the Kronecker symbol, which expresses the law of conservation of momentum in the interaction Hamiltonian, is replaced by two Kronecker symbols so that only particles with opposite momenta interact. The model Hamiltonian of the theory of superfluidity can be obtained from the general Hamiltonian for Bose systems if we replace the Kronecker symbol, which expresses the law of conservation of momentum, by several Kronecker symbols, preserving only the terms that contain at least two operators with momenta zero in the interaction Hamiltonian. This list of model systems can be continued.
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