Abstract
Congestion control in wireless networks has been extensively investigated over the years and several schemes and techniques have been developed, all with the aim of improving performance in wireless net-work. With the rapid expansion and implementation of wireless technology it is essential that the congestion control problem be solved. This paper presents a survey of five congestion control schemes which are dif-ferent in slow start threshold calculation, bandwidth estimation, and congestion window manipulation. A comprehensive comparison of these approaches is given in relation to assumptions, bandwidth estimation, congestion window size manipulation, performance evaluation, fairness and friendliness and improved throughput.
Highlights
Congestion control in a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)/IP-based internet is complex and challenging [1] and over the years a lot of effort and resources have been dedicated to the research in this area
With TCP, congestion is avoided by changing the window size which greatly impacts the transmission rate
Since network bandwidth changes constantly especially in wireless networks, TCP must frequently probe the extra bandwidth of a network to optimally use the available bandwidth by adequately setting the slow start threshold
Summary
Congestion control in a TCP/IP-based internet is complex and challenging [1] and over the years a lot of effort and resources have been dedicated to the research in this area. The main reason for this decrease in performance of the widely used TCP congestion control mechanisms is that for wireless networks packet loss is caused frequently by several factors other than congestion such as noisy channels or fading radio signals, interference, host mobility and disconnection due to limited coverage [1,5,6]. This paper reviews five approaches to TCP congestion control and review their implementations based on four techniques of managing the send window namely slow start, dynamic window sizing, fast retransmit and fast recovery. It is structured as follows; Section 2 describes five approaches to TCP congestion control for wireless networks including characteristics, algorithms and assumptions.
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