On an upper bound of $\lambda$-invariants of $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extensions over an imaginary quadratic field

Abstract

For an odd prime number $p$, we give an explicit upper bound of $\lambda$-invariants for all $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extensions of an imaginary quadratic field $k$ under several assumptions. We also give an explicit upper bound of $\lambda$-invariants for all $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extensions of $k$ in the case where the $\lambda$-invariant of the cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extension of $k$ is equal to 3.