Abstract
The concept of adaptability was originated from the “theory of evolution” of biology. Based on the concept of adaptability, there are some literature achievements in the relevant research of historical blocks in China, which are worth summarizing and carding certain existing literature. The adaptability evaluation of historical block is a method for evaluating the integrating degree between the existing environmental condition and the current production and living demand, used for comprehending the actual condition of objective environment. The research on adaptive renewal strategy of historical blocks often uses field research to summarize the renewal optimization strategy for specific regions, specific block types and specific building functions. Therefore, this paper summarizes and classifies the development direction of adaptability evaluation and protection and renewal strategies of historical blocks, summarizes the conventional research methods and steps, in order to help the future research related to the adaptability of historical blocks. The paper is composed of four parts, the first part introduces the concept of adaptability; the second part focuses on figuring out systematically the development direction of adaptability evaluation of historical block, and summarizing the research procedures and research methods of historical block’s adaptability evaluation；the third part focuses on summarizing and classifying the adaptability protection renewal strategy of historical block and introducing the common research methods; the last part describes the author's thoughts and suggestions.
Highlights
The concept of adaptability was originated from the “theory of evolution” of biology, namely the favorable characters mostly adapting to environment, on the basis of the measurement by time, are selected out continuously in the intergenerational substitution process and become the characters common to the entire biotic population [1]
The establishment of evaluation system is usually realized by extracting influencing factors by using the historical block value evaluation system for reference by combining the status quo of case, and further the historical block adaptability evaluation system is established on the basis of using the analytic hierarchy process, simulation evaluation method and by determining the evaluation factors and weights by integrating with the feedback provided by the questionnaires of experts and the public
The adaptability evaluation factor selection and weight judgment on existing historical blocks depend on the suggestions of industrial experts or other evaluation systems, so they are scientific to some extent
Summary
The concept of adaptability was originated from the “theory of evolution” of biology, namely the favorable characters mostly adapting to environment, on the basis of the measurement by time, are selected out continuously in the intergenerational substitution process and become the characters common to the entire biotic population [1]. The post-evolution developmental biology proposes that environment and living body interacts each other and constitutes a whole part, and are commonly adapting in their growth process. The concept of adaptability was mentioned [2] early by the architectural theorist Viollerleduc in the work titled by Habitations of Man in All Ages in 1875. The achievements of domestic researches on existing historical block adaptability in China are mainly concentrated in the protection renewal strategy, with obvious purpose and limitations, so the evaluation systems are far to the perfect ones. Based on the concept of adaptability, there are some literature achievements in the relevant research of historical blocks, which are worth summarizing and carding. International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications 2019; 5(4): 113-118
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