Сomplex of recommendations for prevention of bite disorders in students of Saint Petersburg of the Cadet Housing of the Boarding Bedroom of the Russian Defense Ministry

Abstract

The article presents data on the analysis of the prevalence of malocclusion and the position of individual teeth among the pupils of the Saint Petersburg Cadet Corps of the Boarding School of pupils of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. During the examination of girls aged 1014 years, in addition to the standard dental examination, the state of the dentition was assessed for the presence of pathology of the closure of the dentition, the position of individual teeth, as well as factors for the development of conditions such as impaired attachment of the frenulum of the lips and tongue, oral breathing, bad habits, parafunction of the tongue, dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint. At the same time, a high prevalence of malocclusion and the position of individual teeth in the surveyed contingent was revealed 93.8%. The analysis of the nature of violations of the closure of the dentition was carried out. Considering that the timely determination of the presence of factors for the development of malocclusion, as well as the pathological types of occlusions, and the position of individual teeth can reduce the time and volume of orthodontic treatment, the prevalence of this pathology was assessed and recommendations were developed in accordance with the severity of the identified pathology. It was noted that about half of the surveyed (47.1 %) have moderately expressed, and a quarter (24.2 %) have severe orthodontic pathology. Based on the analysis of factors predisposing to the development and progression of malocclusion, as well as the need for orthodontic treatment, dynamic observation groups were formed to prevent and treat this pathology. A set of recommendations is proposed that is used in the presence of changes in occlusion and predisposing factors, which allows not only to identify and eliminate their causes in a timely manner, but also to take a differentiated approach to the choice of an algorithm and scope of actions in each specific clinical situation with a given pathology (bibliography: 13 refs).