Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are actively being researched and developed to become a new external power unit for various electronics and applications. Wind is proposed as a mechanical energy source to flutter the dielectric film in wind-driven TENGs as it is clean, abundant, ubiquitous, and sustainable. Herein, we propose a TENG structure with dielectric films bent in four directions to collect the wind energy supply from all directions, unlike the conventional wind-driven TENGs which can only harvest the wind energy from one direction. Aluminum (Al) layer was intercalated within the dielectric film to improve electrostatic induction, resulting in improved triboelectric performances. Maximum open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 233 V, short-circuit current (Isc) of 348 µA, and output power density of 46.1 W m− 2 at an external load of 1 MΩ under a wind speed of 9 m s− 1 were revealed, and it faithfully lit “LED” characters composed of 25 LEDs.
Highlights
With the advent of the fourth industrial revolution, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology that allows data to be sent and received in real time by attaching sensors to objects is developing rapidly [1,2,3]
We propose a wind-driven Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) structure with a cross-shaped dielectric film bent in four directions (C-TENG), which can produce a suitable external power supply in all wind directions, unlike the vehicles or subways that can run in only one direction
Another TENG, in which an Al layer is intercalated within a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film (CIA-TENG), was produced to improve electrostatic induction, resulting in improved triboelectric performances
Summary
With the advent of the fourth industrial revolution, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology that allows data to be sent and received in real time by attaching sensors to objects is developing rapidly [1,2,3]. A variety of wireless sensors using IoT are ubiquitously utilized in military [13], industrial [14], academic [15], and leisure [16] fields, rendering a growing interest in permanent energy harvesting, in which the wasted and natural energies can be collected and utilized from the surrounding environment. Two approaches for the mechanical energy harvesting, which can be generated by various human movements [21] and wind [22], and piezoelectric [23] and triboelectric [24] effects. The TENG could efficiently harvest wind energy from all direction, suitable for drones flying in arbitrary directions. Another TENG, in which an Al layer is intercalated within a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film (CIA-TENG), was produced to improve electrostatic induction, resulting in improved triboelectric performances. The effect of wind direction on the triboelectric performances was tested, demonstrating that the wind energy can be harvested omnidirectionally
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