Abstract
The incidence of obesity in the world has more than tripled between 1975 and 2016. International organizations and many researchers continue to look for causes of obesity. The expected increase in income ratio with an increase in the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 intake from 1:1 to 20:1 in the last three decades. This study aimed to describe the ratio of serum omega-6/omega-3, omega-3 index, and serum hs-CRP in obese adolescents aged 16 -18 years. This research used cross-sectional study design with a total of thirty-two subjects. Omega-6 serum, omega-3 serum, and omega-3 index were analyzed using gas chromatography while serum hs-CRP was analyzed using Turbidimetric Assay. The mean of omega-6 serum was 3358.59±845.75 μmol/L, omega-3 serum was 281.00±81.25 μmol/ L, 62.5% of subjects had omega-3 index levels < 4% (below standard), and 93.8% of subjects had a serum omega-6/omega-3 ratio > 9:1 (above standard). As many as 25% of subjects had serum hs-CRP levels > 3 mg/L. These findings suggested that 93.8% of subjects had high omega-6/omega-3 ratio serum and 25% of subjects had hs-CRP serum > 3 mg/L.
Highlights
This study aimed to describe the ratio of serum omega-6/ omega-3 fatty acid, omega-3 fatty acid index, and serum hs-C-reactive protein (CRP) in obese adolescents aged 16-18 years
The inclusion criteria of this study were adolescents aged 1618 years who were obese with an indicator of body mass index per age >2 SD, did not take omega-6 supplements or omega-3 supplements, were willing to be a research sample by filling out informed consent
The results of the calculation of omega-6 intake in this study showed that 71.9% of the total subjects had omega-6 intake exceeding the nutritional adequacy rate
Summary
The incidence of obesity in the world has more than tripled between 1975 and 2016. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) data, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents increased from only 4% in 1975 to more than 18% in 2016 (WHO, 2017). In Indonesia, the prevalence of obesity among adolescents shows quite alarming figures. In 2010, as many as 1.4% of adolescents were obese and in 2013 increased to 7.3% (Balitbang Kemenkes RI, 2010, 2013). Obesity is a condition where there is an excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissue (McPhee et al, 2011). Obesity has a negative impact on health that can cause metabolic syndrome. The main components of metabolic syndrome are abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension (Wardlaw et al, 2007)
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