Omega-3 fatty acids moderate oxidative and proinflammatory events in experimental hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats: comparison with livolin

Abstract

Dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids have been advocated because of the global preference for the omega-6 fatty acids - rich Western style diet. The study investigated the effects of omega-3 fatty acids (combination of N-3: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); EPA/DHA ratio = 3/2) compared to livolin (Phosphatidylcholin + vitamins) on biochemical and haematological parameters in diclofenac (DF) - induced hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats. Twenty five rats were used. They were divided into 5 groups (n = 5) which included: Group 1-Control (untreated); Group 2-DF control; Group 3-DF + Low N-3; Group 4-DF+High N-3; and, Group 5-DF + Livolin. Group 2 received DF at 10 mg/kg b.w. (i.m.) during the first 7days of the experiment, thereafter; they were administered distilled water (0.1 ml) for three weeks. Groups 3, 4, and 5 were pre-treated with DF during the first 7days of the experiment, afterwards, they were post-treated with N-3 and livolin at 100, 300, and 5.2 mg/kg b.w. (p.o.) respectively for 21days.The results showed that DF caused significant increases in MDA, LDH, proinflammatory markers, ALT, AST, and ALP activities, but, significant decreases in antioxidant indices. However, post-treatment with N-3 or livolin corrected these deviations. Although there was evidence of the dose dependent effects of N-3, the high dose was not always the most effective. The histological results proved that livolin has a more hepatoprotective action than N-3, although the biochemical and haematological findings attested that both therapies have comparable effects. It was concluded that livolin proffers a more protective effect than N-3 in DF-induced hepatotoxicity.