Abstract
Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (?-3 LC-PUFAs) are thought to be important for normal dopaminergic, glutamatergic and serotonergic neurotransmission. Depression is less prevalent in societies with high fish consumption, and depressed patients have significantly lower red blood cell ?-3 levels. Studies with ?-3 supplementation have led to controversial results. A significantly longer remission of bipolar symptomatology has been confirmed from a high-dose DHA and EPA mixture. Greater seafood consumption per capita has been connected with a lower prevalence of bipolar spectrum disorders. Reduced levels of ?-6 and ?-3 PUFAs were found in patients with schizophrenia.
Highlights
The process of industrialization in the modern world has led to significant changes in the consumption of many vital micronutrients, ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 LC-PUFAs) being probably the most important (Simopoulos, 1999)
This has resulted in an imbalance in the ω-6/ω-3 ratio that considerably differs from the 1:1 ratio consumed by humans in the past, resulting in ω-6/ω-3 ratios in the range of 20-30:1 (Gómez-Candela et al, 2011)
This paper aims to summarize our current knowledge on the importance of LC-PUFA therapeutical potentials in psychiatric diseases
Summary
The process of industrialization in the modern world has led to significant changes in the consumption of many vital micronutrients, ω-3 (or n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 LC-PUFAs) being probably the most important (Simopoulos, 1999). The health benefits of long-chain ω-3 PUFAs were discovered in the 1970s during research into the Greenland Eskimos of the Inuit tribe who consumed large amounts of animal fat but displayed practically no cardiovascular disease (Dyerberg et al, 1975). This discovery inspired many subsequent studies that showed that ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids are important in the prevention and management of coronary disease, hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, cancer and other inflammatory and autoimmune conditions (Gómez Candela et al, 2011). The conversion process in humans is more efficient if the parent molecule is obtained from marine sources (Shaikh Edidin, 2006)
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