Abstract
Laser-heated, diamond anvil cells have produced a major breakthrough in the understanding of the physics of the Earth's interior, by making it possible to synthesize mineral phases that are stable at very high pressure. The synthesized phases are usually identified by X-ray powder diffraction techniques. We report here the results of the first local examination by transmission electron microscopy of a sample prepared by heating fayalite in a diamond-anvil cell. We have identified three phases produced, in the pressure gradient from the edge to the centre of the cell: olivine glass (to our knowledge, the first case to be reported); phases corresponding to a transition zone between olivine and spinel; and spinel. The phases are similar to those found in shocked chondritic meteorites.
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