Abstract
As the Mediterranean diet (and particularly olive oil) has been associated with bone health, we investigated the impact of extra virgin oil as a source of polyphenols on bone metabolism. In that purpose sham-operated (SH) or ovariectomized (OVX) mice were subjected to refined or virgin olive oil. Two supplementary OVX groups were given either refined or virgin olive oil fortified with vitamin D3, to assess the possible synergistic effects with another liposoluble nutrient. After 30 days of exposure, bone mineral density and gene expression were evaluated. Consistent with previous data, ovariectomy was associated with increased bone turnover and led to impaired bone mass and micro-architecture. The expression of oxidative stress markers were enhanced as well. Virgin olive oil fortified with vitamin D3 prevented such changes in terms of both bone remodeling and bone mineral density. The expression of inflammation and oxidative stress mRNA was also lower in this group. Overall, our data suggest a protective impact of virgin olive oil as a source of polyphenols in addition to vitamin D3 on bone metabolism through improvement of oxidative stress and inflammation.
Highlights
Osteoporosis, defined as ‘‘a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue with a consequentPLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0115817 December 31, 2014Olive Oil and Vitamin D Prevent Osteopenia increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture’’ [1], is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly
Perez-Lopez et al [5] have highlighted the benefits for bone of the Mediterranean diet such a dietary pattern being thought to be related to the longevity of Mediterranean people
The quality of the experiment was checked, notably castration efficiency was confirmed by uterine atrophy (p,0.0001) in the OVX rodents (RO-OVX: 13.0¡1.4 mg; refined olive oil (RO)-OVX-vitamin D3 (VD3):18.4¡2.4 mg; virgin olive oil (VO)-OVX: 12.0¡1.3 mg; VO-OVXVD3:12.3¡2.6 mg), compared to what was observed in the SH animals (RO-SH: 94.8¡17.4 mg; VO-SH: 97.0¡9.7 mg)
Summary
Olive Oil and Vitamin D Prevent Osteopenia increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture’’ [1], is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly This is why, with an ageing population throughout much of the world, improving prevention of such a disease will play a major role in the sustainability and implementation of good personal and public health care. Calcium and vitamin D have been the primary focus of nutritional prevention, analysis of ongoing challenges has highlighted that the human diet contains, in addition to essential macronutrients, a complex array of naturally occurring bioactive micronutrients that may confer significant long term health benefits, including in the management of bone health This issue probably explains the north-south gradient of fractures in Europe, with a lower incidence in the Mediterranean area [2,3,4]. The pooled analysis published by Bischoff-Ferrari and coworkers concluded that high-dose vitamin D supplementation ($800 IU daily) was somewhat favorable in the prevention of hip fracture and any non-vertebral fracture in persons 65 years of age or older [27]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
