Abstract
In vivo self-endothelialization by endothelial cell adhesion on cardiovascular implants is highly desirable. DNA-oligonucleotides are an intriguing coating material with nonimmunogenic characteristics and the feasibility of easy and rapid chemical fabrication. The objective of this study was the creation of cell adhesive DNA-oligonucleotide coatings on vascular implant surfaces. DNA-oligonucleotides immobilized by adsorption on parylene (poly(monoaminomethyl-para-xylene)) coated polystyrene and ePTFE were resistant to high shear stress (9.5 N/m2) and human blood serum for up to 96 h. Adhesion of murine endothelial progenitor cells, HUVECs and endothelial cells from human adult saphenous veins as well as viability over a period of 14 days of HUVECs on oligonucleotide coated samples under dynamic culture conditions was significantly enhanced (P < 0.05). Oligonucleotide-coated surfaces revealed low thrombogenicity and excellent hemocompatibility after incubation with human blood. These properties suggest the suitability of immobilization of DNA-oligonucleotides for biofunctionalization of blood vessel substitutes for improved in vivo endothelialization.
Highlights
Current blood vessel replacement concepts, which use either prosthetic or biological grafts, achieve excellent mid-term results
DNAoligonucleotides immobilized by adsorption on parylene (poly(monoaminomethyl-para-xylene)) coated polystyrene and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) were resistant to high shear stress (9.5 N/m2) and human blood serum for up to 96 h
This study analyzed a novel oligonucleotide-coated diX AM layer in terms of coating stability, EC and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) adhesion and viability under continuous shear stress application and hemocompatibility. These criteria were chosen as representative key characteristics for cardiovascular implants
Summary
Current blood vessel replacement concepts, which use either prosthetic or biological grafts, achieve excellent mid-term results. Biological conduits (e.g., autologous greater saphenous vein) have better hemodynamic characteristics and avoid long-term anticoagulation but are limited in availability. They fail due to intimal hyperplasia and fibrosis Allograft transplants such as superficial femoral arteries have optimal hemodynamic properties, avoid any anticoagulation, and are resistant to infections to a certain extent. 5–30% of patients have no suitable autologous grafts available due to previous use or concomitant disease. In these cases, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts are used. None of the currently available blood vessel substitutes possess any regenerative or growth potential This shortcoming is crucial especially for the treatment of pediatric patients and grafts with repeated injury (e.g., hemodialysis shunts)
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