Oligomerization of 1-Pentene on Zeolite Catalysts

Abstract

The oligomerization of 1-pentene is an efficient process for producing environmentally friendly high-quality fuel components. The catalytic properties of FAU, OFF, MOR, BEA, MTW, and MFI zeolites in the H form are studied in the synthesis of pentene oligomers in an autoclave at 110–200°C. It is established that the high activity of H-Y and H-Beta(18) zeolites in the reaction of oligomerization, where the yield of oligomers reaches 97–100%, is determined by their wide-pore structure and high concentration of acid sites. The oligomers prepared on these catalysts are 30–73% dimers, 25–50% trimers, and 2–14% oligomers, with number n > 3 of monomer units. Narrow-pore zeolites (H-ZSM-5) or zeolites with one- and two-dimensional channel systems (H-OFF, H-MOR, and H-ZSM-12) are less active in the oligomerization of 1-pentene, with decenes as the main products of the reaction.