Oligoclonal bands and levels of interleukin 4, interleukin 10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in idiopathic intracranial hypertension Egyptian patients

Mohamed S El-Tamawy,Wesam Osama,Laila A Rashed,Eman H Esmail,Maha A Zaki,Shaimaa Shaheen Mohamed

doi:10.1186/s41983-019-0134-3

Mohamed S El-Tamawy, Wesam Osama + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41983-019-0134-3

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Abstract

BackgroundIdiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological disorder of unknown pathophysiology with many proposed theories that involve CSF dynamics but recently, involvement of inflammatory and autoimmune processes has been postulated.ObjectivesTo investigate presence of oligoclonal bands (OCB) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum cytokine level in patients with IIH.MethodsThis study was conducted on 27 IIH female patients and 21 age- and sex-matched control groups. Patient and control groups were subjected to measurement of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels in serum, and CSF oligoclonal bands was measured in the IIH patient group. Body mass index (BMI) was measured to both patients and control.ResultsSerum levels of IL-4, IL-10, and TNF alpha were significantly higher in IIH patients than controls (p < 0.001); 22% of IIH patients had positive OCB in CSF. There was a statistically significant difference regarding TNF-α level in OCB-positive and OCB-negative patients being higher in positive patients. No statistically significant correlation was found between serum levels of IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, and BMI.ConclusionAutoimmune inflammatory process may play a role in pathophysiology of IIH.

Highlights

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological disorder of increased intracranial tension in the absence of a structural lesion or other identifiable reason [1]
Autoimmune inflammatory process may play a role in pathophysiology of IIH
Interleukin-4, Interleukin 10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) are involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [10] which is commonly associated with IIH

Summary

Introduction

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological disorder of increased intracranial tension in the absence of a structural lesion or other identifiable reason [1]. The name idiopathic intracranial hypertension assumes that no underlying cause for raised ICP has been identified. IIH diagnosis is made in patients who satisfy the modified Dandy criteria [2]. There are many proposed theories which mostly involve CSF dynamics to explain the etiology of IIH [3]. Involvement of inflammatory and autoimmune mechanisms has been postulated as IIH is commonly patients with IIH and their relation to the severity of the condition. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological disorder of unknown pathophysiology with many proposed theories that involve CSF dynamics but recently, involvement of inflammatory and autoimmune processes has been postulated

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