Abstract
Polygala aureocauda Dunn. (Polygalaceae) has been widely used in Vietnamese traditional medicine for the treatment of hepatitis, nephritis, sonasthenia, anaemia, back pain, and knee fatigue. Chemical investigation of a methanol extract of P. aureocauda roots resulted in the isolation of four new oleanane triterpenoid saponins (polyaureosides A–D) and two known ones (polygalasaponin XLVIII and arilloside A). Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectra. Among the isolates, arilloside A showed a modest anti-inflammatory effect through inhibiting NO overproduction in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, with an IC50 value of 47.4 μM.
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