Older Taiwanese Volunteers as Standardized Patients: Service Motivation, Identity Formation, and Internal Transformation.

Abstract

Most standardized patients (SPs) in Taiwan are middle-aged or older volunteers with a high retention rate and selflessly devote themselves to the service. This study explored the psychological process behind the continued altruistic behaviors of SPs to understand the formation of service motivation, professional identity, and internal transformation. Sixteen volunteers, aged 50 to 70 years, who served as SPs for 3 to 11 years in a religious hospital were enrolled in this study. Individual semistructured interviews were conducted. Each person was interviewed for approximately 120 minutes. We used a thematic analysis to analyze the interview transcripts. We identified 3 major themes and 8 subthemes. The first theme, SPs' service motivation, included the following 3 subthemes: past medical experiences, acquisition of medical knowledge, and emotional connections. The second theme, SPs' identity formation, included the following 3 subthemes: role recognition, work ethic, and a sense of religious mission. The third theme, SPs' physical and psychological support, included 2 subthemes: internal transformation and personal well-being. The interview results showed doctor-patient or life experiences served as the impetus prompting SPs to engage in such altruistic behavior. In addition, identity formation endowed older SPs with a life purpose and a sense of fulfillment and self-actualization through fostering and training medical students. In addition, a clear recognition of the role of an SP and self-worth helped volunteers mitigate any physical and mental problems caused by negative life experiences. Standardized patients continued to complete their tasks with a positive attitude.