Abstract
Abstract Our contribution to the AHR’s Monuments series consists of three interwoven sections spotlighting Japan’s southwestern Okinawa Island chain. We premise the islands themselves as monument to the present as well as their place in contemporary Japanese history. Annexed to the nascent Japanese empire in 1879, fast-forward to 1945, and Okinawa would be sacrificed by Japan’s wartime leaders in a desperate and violent effort to stave off America’s invasion of Japan’s main islands. What Okinawans know as the Typhoon of Steel, the Americans code-named Operation Iceberg. It was the final Allied assault in the Pacific theater of World War II and considered by many its bloodiest: one in four Okinawans died.
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