Abstract
Burns constitute a major challenge in medical science, and plants can be part of the solution. Dittrichia viscosa L. (Asteraceae) and Marrubium vulgare L. (Lamiaceae) are widely used in Moroccan traditional medicine to treat several diseases and possess high potency to cure wounds. This study aimed to investigate in vivo the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and burn-healing effects of both plants and their mixture. The hydro-ethanolic extract of both plants was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD). Burns were conducted on dorsal part of rats, and the wound healing process was evaluated during 21 days. Gallic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and quercetin were identified in M. vulgare extract. The analysis recorded the presence of caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, rutin, and quercetin in D. viscosa. The group treated with the mixture showed the lowest abdominal contractions (30.4 ± 7.52) with the highest percentage of inhibition (69.12 ± 7.04%). The inhibition of paw inflammation for M. vulgare was 47.65%, followed by D. viscosa (33.86%) and the mixture (30.41%). The mixture showed the highest wound contraction at day 7 (33.16 ± 14.33%) and day 14 (87.54 ± 3.98%). D. viscosa showed the highest wound contraction on the 21st day (99.28 ± 0.44%). In conclusion, both plants and their combination showed promising results for burn healing.
Highlights
The analysis revealed the presence of four phenolic compounds in each extract (Figures 1 and 2)
Caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and quercetin were identified in M. vulgare
The analysis showed the presence of caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, rutin, and quercetin in D. viscosa
Summary
Wounds are the most frequent disease in the category of skin and subcutaneous ailments, and in addition to the sanitary damage, non-healing wounds can generate massive expenditures ranging from USD 28.1 to USD 96.8 billion in the United States alone [1,2]. Wounds are defined as a damage in the cellular and anatomical structure of vital tissue, mainly the skin and the surface of internal organs. The healing process of wounds includes several phases, such as inflammation, hemostasis re-epithelialization, tissue remodeling, formation of granulation (intervention of keratinocytes, fibroblast migration, and angiogenesis) and proliferation. This process involves the participation of several mesenchymal and epithelial cells [6].
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