Abstract
Caspian and Russian natural gas and oil has found the Black Sea region to be an important energy transit route to western markets. The number of transiting tankers and quantity of exported oil from the Black Sea through the Turkish Straits has doubled since 1996, and will continue to expand. Due to significant risk of either intentional or accidental disaster for these two waterways, energy supply security is a serious issue. The author analyzes port and shipping security measures taken by Black Sea coastal states to prevent intentional and accidental disasters. The relatively new BlackSeaFor's role in port and navigational security provision, ISPS Code implementation, and the role of Black Sea area satellite based VTS providers and other technologies are all examined. The author also recommends improved security emergency response planning enhancement. The article also examines current security measures for Turkish Straits' oil transportation taken by the Turkish Administration.
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