Abstract
The object of research is a data model that characterizes the pumping units of main oil pipelines. The paper considers the creation of pumps database and their characteristics as a component of software systems designed to search for sources of energy saving in pipeline transportation of oil and oil products. An overview of existing programs for calculating the joint operation of an oil pumping station and a pipeline is given. It is shown that most programs are inaccessible for analyzing the applied data storage technologies, or involve manual input of entry data without using databases. Comparative analysis of spreadsheets and relational databases is performed. It is shown that relational databases better meet the requirements of data convenience, availability, scalability, and performance. A physical model of a relational database is presented. The parent and child entities have been established, which make it possible to fully reflect all information about the pumping unit, namely: – coefficients of hydraulic characteristics depending on the diameter of the impeller rotor; – characteristics depending only on the pump make; – classification of the pump by design or purpose. Relationship types and referential integrity rules are defined between entities when deleting or updating data. For data management, the SQLite system is proposed, which provides data manipulation in the SQL query language and does not require the development of additional software. The analysis of possible ways of organizing multilingualism using a database is carried out. The text of the SQL query is proposed, which allows to select the pump with its characteristics by the pump make and impeller diameter. A database structure is proposed that allows storing information about equipment for oil pipelines for various purposes, which makes it possible for automated calculations of complex technological processes. The pumping unit database is an open source project that is posted on the public web service GitHub.
Highlights
Oil and petroleum distribution systems are subject to constant changes, which are caused by the following reasons:– new oil fields are discovered and the volumes of oil production on existing oil fields are changed; – refineries can increase or decrease the volume of oil refining, which leads to a change in the volume of oil supplies; – countries that import oil or transport it through their territory can diversify their suppliers of oil and oil products, which can affect the operation of their oil transportation systems
– MS Excel is a paid software product, it is not available everywhere; – many programming languages have libraries for working with Excel files, but the code for fetching data seems to be more cumbersome and less intuitive in comparison, for example, with SQL queries to relational databases; – Excel file processing speed is slow when there are a significant number of rows [21,22,23]
Analysis of the tasks of pipeline transportation of oil and oil products and modern programs for calculating the operating modes of oil pipelines showed the relevance of creating databases of pumping equipment
Summary
Oil and petroleum distribution systems are subject to constant changes, which are caused by the following reasons:. The pipeline system of Ukraine is operating in an underloaded mode This is caused by a significant decrease in the production of petroleum products at local oil refineries and a decrease in the volume of oil transit through its territory. Ukraine has adopted a law «On Energy Saving» and a number of other regulatory documents [2], which prescribe organizational and technical measures to optimize the operating modes of oil pipelines in underloaded sections. To ensure the required performance on the operating pipelines, taking into account the criteria for energy efficiency, alternative (optimization) calculations are used Such calculations are usually performed with software products. In the hydraulic calculations of the oil pipeline, data storage of information about technological equipment of are used to describe the characteristics of the pump: oil pipelines, the description of the principles of building. – total head dependence H: databases seems to be an urgent task
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