Abstract
End_Page 543------------------------------This paper is a synthesis of all data obtained on the geology and conditions under which hydrocarbon accumulations were formed in the Mio-Pliocene zone of the Ploiesti District, an important oil region in Romania and one of the most prolific ones in the world. The zone studied is at the periphery of the Eastern Carpathians, at their western-plunging end, where their structure of overthrust sheets is masked by the upper Neogene cover. Most of the fields discovered are included in the late Miocene-Pliocene cover deposits (Sarmatian, Meotian, and Dacian age), generally in structural traps, in the formation of which salt diapirism played an important part. Several less numerous accumulations are in the older sediments which underlie the cover deposits (Helvetian, Burdigalian, and Oligocene); these accumulations generally are in stratigraphic traps, just below the unconformity which separates the Sarmatian-Dacian from the Helvetian-Oligocene. The presence of important hydrocarbon accumulations in the region studied may be explained by the following facts: 1. The zones of hydrocarbon accumulation are along the western uplifted edge of the Neogene depression at the maximum curvature of the Eastern Carpathians along the path of lateral hydrocarbon migration. 2. The Pliocene is developed completely in the form of conformable pelitic and psammitic sequences without any sedimentation breaks; this permitted the generation, accumulation, and preservation of oil pools. 3. Favorable structural conditions existed, particularly because of the diapirism of the Oligo-Miocene (Aquitanian) salt which was active during the deposition of the hydrocarbon-bearing Pliocene formations. Among the oil fields so far discovered, the most important one is the Moreni-Gura Ocnitei field, situated on the main echelon of Teis, Gura Ocnitei-Moreni, Filipesti, and Tintea-Raicoi. End_of_Article - Last_Page 544------------
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