Ogilvie Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, and Management Strategies

Abstract

Ogilvie Syndrome, also known as acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, is a rare but clinically significant gastrointestinal disorder characterized by marked colonic dilation in the absence of mechanical obstruction. This condition often presents with abdominal distension, discomfort, and obstipation, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality if not promptly recognized and managed. Despite its infrequent occurrence, Ogilvie Syndrome poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to healthcare providers. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning this syndrome, detail the diverse clinical manifestations, and discuss the evolving strategies for diagnosis and management. With a focus on the latest advancements in medical and interventional therapies, this article provides a comprehensive overview of Ogilvie Syndrome, equipping clinicians with essential knowledge to improve patient outcomes.