Abstract

Thirteen species of snakes are native to the Iberian peninsula. Ten belong to the Colubridae family and, except for the Montpellier snake and the False smooth snake, they are not poisonous. The three species of Viper (Asp viper, Snub-nosed viper and Seoane's viper) are poisonous and are the most common cause of snake venom poisoning in Spain. A number of features differentiate the two families and even enable individual species to be identified. This identification of the species, as well as the signs and symptoms of poisoning are important for correct patient management. This update outlines the key features that enable the various species of snakes to be identified, and the basis of outpatient (first aid and initial medical treatment) and hospital treatment of snake bites.

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