Offences and Procedures in the Iranian and United State Capital Markets

Abstract

Economic development in the today's societies has provided the bed for development of economic offences and consequently, the offences relevant to stock exchange. Today, one of the simplest and sometime safest ways to make money can be investment in field of stock exchange. Investing personal money through investment in economic cycle has helped economic cycle a lot and has prevented inflation and stagnation in this cycle and on the other hand, it has provided conditions for some offences. Stock exchange can be a good platform to commit classic offences such as betrayal of trust, theft and fraud and also can ease offences such as different types of fraud, cybercrimes and so on. Therefore, the governments have always thought about controlling and protecting the capital and the investors to prevent the chaos in the stock exchange and consequently, economy of the society. The actions of activists in the capital market, which are against the principles and regulations of the market, can be classified in 3 groups: 1. Regulative offences 2. Disputes 3. Offences. The occurrence of any of these acts is inevitable and can pave the way for distort of regulation and the security of governor on the investment activities of the states. Therefore, this study has attempted to consider the abovementioned issues as much as possible in Iran and US countries. Then, the study tends to analyze and investigate the supervising officials and tends at last to present types of lawsuits and procedures for them in field of stock exchange.