Abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the standing long jump (SLJ) and the single-leg hop (SLH) tests to discriminate lower quadrant (low back and lower extremities) injury occurrence in female collegiate soccer players. The secondary purpose of this study was to determine associations between injury and off-season training habits or anthropometric measures. SLJ, SLH, and anthropometric measures were collected during a preseason screening clinic. Each subject completed a questionnaire providing demographic information and off-season training habits. Each athlete performed three SLJ and three SLH per leg. SLJ and SLH scores were not associated with an increased risk of a noncontact time-loss lower quadrant (LQ) injury. Athletes with a higher BMI or who reported less time training during the off-season were two times more likely to sustain an injury. Athletes who had both a higher body mass index (BMI) and lower off-season training habits were three times (relative risk = 3.1 (95% CI: 1.7, 5.5) p-value = 0.0001) more likely to sustain a noncontact time-loss lower quadrant injury. Preseason SLJ and SLH scores do not discriminate injury risk in female collegiate soccer players. Higher BMI and lower off-season training habits are associated with an increased risk of LQ injury.
Highlights
Soccer has one of the highest time-loss injury rates of all sports played by female athletes at the collegiate level in the United States [1,2]
Injured athletes reported less total training time per week during the six-week period prior to the start of the preseason when compared with their uninjured counterparts
This study found that female collegiate soccer players with shorter jump and hop distances were no more likely to experience a noncontact time-loss lower quadrant injury than their counterparts
Summary
Soccer has one of the highest time-loss injury rates (range 7.7 to 8.07 per 1000 athletic exposures) of all sports played by female athletes at the collegiate level in the United States [1,2]. Over 70% of all soccer-related musculoskeletal injuries that occur at the collegiate level involve the lower extremities (67.8% of all injuries during games and 72% of all injuries during practices) and the trunk/back region (6.3% of all injuries during games and 4.2% of all injuries during practices) [3]. Sports medicine professionals and coaches often administer functional performance tests (FPTs) during the off-season or preseason to identify athletes who may be at risk for injury [4,5]. An FPT is an assessment tool designed to serve as a clinical correlate for a laboratory test (e.g., single-leg hop tests may be used to evaluate progress during rehabilitation if isokinetic testing is unavailable) [6,7].
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