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Abstract
Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have been widely employed to design advanced structural columns such as the hybrid FRP–concrete–steel double-skin tubular column (hybrid DSTC) with potential benefits. To date, the safety and self-monitoring of the hybrid DSTCs are still a challenge to overcome due to the complex damage scenarios. This paper investigates the self-sensing performance of a newly developed smart double-skin tubular confined concrete column (smart BFST-DSTC) made of basalt FRP–steel composite with built-in optical fiber Bragg grating sensors (OFBGs). The design of the smart BFST-DSTC and sensing principle are firstly addressed, followed by an experimental investigation on the basic mechanical properties and strain-based sensing performance of ten scaled specimens under axial compression. The outcomes reveal the enhancement of the proposed column in terms of load-carrying capacity, confinement ratio, and axial stress-axial strain behavior, as well as failure and damage modes when compared with the hybrid DSTC. The self-sensing investigation demonstrates that the measurement range satisfies the requirement to monitor and evaluate the hoop strains of the FRP jackets and the health state of the inner tube. The smart BFST-DSTC can replace the hybrid DSTC with the ability to provide early failure warning and life cycle health monitoring.
Highlights
Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have been widely used as civil infrastructure construction materials in the world due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, good corrosion resistance, and tailorable mechanical properties
4.1.1.Generally, Failure and Damage the failure Mechanisms mechanism of all the basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP)–steel composite (BFST)-DSTC specimens includes the rupture of the outer FRP jackets
Steel-adhesive interfacial debonding occurred before the rupture of the outer jacket, Generally, the failure mechanism of all the BFST-DSTC specimens includes the rupture of the characterized by several epoxy sounds
Summary
Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have been widely used as civil infrastructure construction materials in the world due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, good corrosion resistance, and tailorable mechanical properties. Researchers have demonstrated the excellent properties of OFS packaged into FRP materials for strain and temperature change detection in civil infrastructures [16,17,18] Based on this principle, some smart FRP-based components with built-in OFS have been developed to contribute to the life cycle monitoring of civil infrastructures from inception through to the construction and service stage until final decommissioning [19,20,21]. BFST-DSTC consists of inner and outer basalt FRP–steel composite tubes with built-in OFBGs. The designed manufacturing process and self-sensing principle are first highlighted. Of 19 from the inner FRP jacket allows us to evaluate damage beyond the ultimate load of the column
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