Abstract
Direktiva marinske strategije Europske unije (2008/56/EC) predlaže četiri marinska područja kao političko geografski okvir za primjenu politike o zaštiti okoliša u Europskoj uniji. Ovaj rad kritički analizira pristup koji se temelji na državnim granicama, a kojim se Direktiva koristi za određivanje granica regija. Autor također smatra da održivost okoliša u marinskim područjima uvelike ovisi o geografskom podudaranju između pojedinih sljevova i granicama njihovih sustava upravljanja okolišem, tj. okolišem u marinskim područjima treba upravljati unutar njihovih sljevova. Predloženi pristup koji se temelji na granicama sljevova također u obzir uzima sve elemente marinskih sustava (voda, zemlja i zrak), koji su conditio sine qua non za integralno i održivo upravljanje. Crno more je dobar primjer u kojem sustav upravljanja okolišem koji je određen granicama slijeva uključuje puno veći broj zemalja dionika te omogućuje višu razinu suradnje među zemljama vezano uz upravljanje okolišem.
Highlights
An active interstate cooperation to protect the Black Sea environment has united the six littoral states (Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine) since at least 1992, when they signed the Bucharest Convention (Convention, 1992)
This research posits that environmental policies in marine regions can produce sustainable results only if implemented at the watershed scale, since it embraces almost all natural and anthropogenic elements that affect the respective water bodies
The use of the integrated watershed-based approach in the case of the Black Sea region dramatically increases the number of the stakeholders and, thereby, the funds available for environmental management
Summary
An active interstate cooperation to protect the Black Sea environment has united the six littoral states (Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine) since at least 1992, when they signed the Bucharest Convention (Convention, 1992). In 2007, the eastward expansion of the European. Union (EU) reached the Black Sea and raised the issue of its protection and sustainable use to an all-Europe level. The same year, the EU further developed its European Neighborhood Policy with the "Black Sea Synergy" initiative, which stressed the environment, fisheries, and maritime policy as some of the main areas of trans-boundary regional cooperation (Black Sea synergy, 2007).
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