ODP085 Denosumab Induced Severe Hypophosphatemia

Abstract

Abstract Introduction Denosumab is a receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK) ligand inhibitor used for treatment of osteoporosis and bone metastases in patients with solid tumors. Denosumab induced hypophosphatemia has been reported in less than 1% of patients, and in most cases described as mild to moderate in severity. We present a case of severe hypophosphatemia after denosumab treatment for diffuse bone metastases due to prostate cancer. Case report A 78-year-old male patient with history of diffuse bone metastases due to prostate cancer, schizophrenia on treatment and intermittent alcohol use, presented to the hospital with suicidal ideation and worsening fatigue. Patient was found to have a phosphorus levels of <1. 0 mg/dL (2.5-4.6 mg/dL), corrected calcium of 8.2 mg/dL (8.4-10.5 mg/dl), vitamin D 25 OH of 36.34 ng/mL (30-100 ng/mL), magnesium of 2.3 mg/dL (1.7-2.5 mg/dL), parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level of 379 pg/mL (10-65pg/mL) and serum creatinine of 1.1 mg/dL (0.5-1.2 mg/dL). Urinary studies showed 24 hour urinary phosphate 1282 mg/24h (360-1600 mg/24h), urine creatinine 1570 mg/24h (500-2150 mg/24h). There was no evidence of acidosis, chronic kidney disease, preexisting osteomalacia or vitamin D deficiency. The patient had no recent alcohol consumption and his alcohol level was undetectable. After reviewing the outside medical records it was noted that the patient had received denosumab 120 mg, 11 days prior to the hospital admission, as part of the management of bone metastases due to prostate cancer. The patient's baseline phosphorus prior to denosumab was in the low normal range. The severe hypophosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism were attributed to denosumab administration. Patient was initially treated with intravenous phosphate and then transitioned to oral phosphate along with elemental calcium and calcitriol during the course of his hospitalization. Patient's phosphorus improved to 2.3 mg/dL by the time of discharge. Discussion In patients treated with denosumab, the primary concern is potential post-treatment hypocalcemia, however, our case brings attention to severe hypophosphatemia as a serious side effect to treatment with denosumab. Multiple specialties are involved in the treatment of osteoporosis and metastatic bone lesions, and each should be aware that denosumab can lead to lower serum phosphate levels due to its effects on bone resorption and reduction of proximal tubular reabsorption of the phosphate resulting in clinical symptoms of muscle weakness, bone pain, fractures and even stupor, coma and death. We therefore conclude that monitoring phosphate levels should be part of the pre- and post-treatment evaluation in patients who are candidates for treatment with denosumab, particularly high-dose denosumab. Presentation: No date and time listed