Abstract
Biogas plants processing municipal waste are an important part of a circular economy (energy generation from biogas and organic fertiliser production for the treatment of selectively collected biowaste). However, the technological processes taking place may be associated with odour nuisance. The paper presents the results of pilot research conducted at six municipal waste biogas plants in Poland. It shows the relations between odour intensity and concentration and the occurring meteorological and ambient conditions (air temperature and relative humidity) and technological factors at biogas plants processing municipal waste. The impact of meteorological and ambient conditions was identified by measuring air temperature and relative humidity and observing their changes. The impact of technological factors was identified by measuring odorant concentration (volatile organic compounds and ammonia) and observing their changes between individual measurement series. At most analysed biogas plants, the influence of technological factors on odour emissions took place and was clearly noted. The elements of biogas installations characterised by the highest concentration of these odorants were indicated. Special attention should be paid to the choice of technological solutions and technical and organisational measures to reduce the impact of unfavourable atmospheric conditions on odour emissions.
Highlights
Waste treatment plants, which are part of municipal infrastructure, are very significant from the point of view of urban development
This paper presents the results of a pilot study conducted at six biogas plants processing municipal waste
The results of pilot research conducted at six biogas plants processing municipal waste in Poland are presented
Summary
Waste treatment plants, which are part of municipal infrastructure, are very significant from the point of view of urban development. Due to the improvement in the amount of newly built mechanical–biological treatment plants in Europe, the qualitative characteristics of odour emissions from these investments is becoming a requisite for the attention of appropriate planning of future installations, and protection of health of both their operating employees and people living in areas close to the plants [7,8]. These reasons contributed to the publication of scientific papers presenting measurements and chemical characteristics of emissions from waste treatment plants [8,9,10]. Some of the above-mentioned works focus on the investigation of parameters that bring to the development of unpleasant smells into focus [8,9]
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