Мodels of Biographical Construction in the Context of Neoclassical Discourse

Abstract

The thesaurus including current principles and concepts is considered in terms of constructing a biographical narrative of particular cultural and historical era. The reasons involved to formulate the subject field of neoclassical biographistics are analyzed on the principles of socio-cultural determination. Certain strategies that are due to the impact of the crisis of metanarratives on the biographical history and the impact of the crisis of historical knowledge on the understanding of the description are defined in the article. The author argues that the principle of biographical discursiveness is gaining importance in modern studies of biographies, as it affects the model of memorization and representation of the present (memoirs, autobiographies, stories, dairies, etc.). The features of biographical discourse, which are decisive in the models to construct biographies in the context of neoclassical discourse, differ from the biographical narrative, exactly this approach is clarified in the article. It is proved that the models of constructing a biography depend on the researcher's belonging to a specific narrative group, which is determined by socio-cultural and psychological conditioning. Revision of the main strategies of biographical discourse is conducted in the context of modern philosophical and cultural theories. The author singles out the dominant concepts that change the classical vector of biography and actualize biographical searches, marking the actual parameters of the "biographical consciousness of the epoch". It is proved that multiplying the variability of stories and the possibility of an infinite number of stories as well as biographical narrative always correlates with the cultural tradition, which forms the parameters of preservation and fixation of stories taking into account personal factors and multivariate contexts of their interpretations. The theoretical basis of neoclassical biography by means of Paul Ricœur's hermeneutic methodology for interpretation of creative biographies of artists in models of biographical discourse is developed. The interdisciplinary parameters of biography at the intersections of discursiveness of art, anthropology, aesthetics, history and memories are outlined. The specifics of forming models of biography construction in the context of neoclassical discourse are substantiated. It is proved that taking into account the narratives of a certain cultural-historical epoch it is possible to create conditions for transforming a biographical story into a source of knowledge about culture in its various manifestations and aspects, and the ways of "speaking" or fixing on media influence the mechanisms of constructing a narrative about life.