Odczytanie marksizmu przez Antonio Gramsciego i jego znaczenie dla współczesnej kultury

Abstract

Italian Marxist – Antonio Gramsci – is known primarily from the new interpretation of Marxism. We can say, that he has set a framework for a new cultural revolution. Center of gravity, in his opinion, no longer based on the material means of production, but on the culture. He was convinced that the “pacification” of cultural differences (not material as Marx expected), could provide the expected, universal equality. Gramsci proved that unifying element of society is not the organization of work, but the culture and in the culture of the most important is the role of religion. Wishing to create a new culture (without hitting directly in religion), as the basis of change to the new order, he accepted mechanism for the gradual annihilation of the old values. The legacy of cultural Marxism, which created the foundations of Gramsci, took over the Frankfurt School, whose idea was continued in both the USA and Europe. Ideological base developed by Gramsci, become a tool of depreciating the existing structure of society and the decay of contemporary culture.