Odběr a bilance živin při různé intenzitě využívání trvalých travních porostů

Abstract

In 2003–2005 it was solved the issue about the nutrient balance in the permanent grasslands of Research Institute for Cattle Breeding Rapotín. In trial it was used these types of utilization: 1. Intensive – 4 cuts per year (1st cut up to 15th May, every next after 45 days), 2. Medium intensive – 3 cuts per year (1st cut from 16th to 31st May, every next after 60 days), 3. Low intensive – 2 cuts per year (1st cut up to 15th June, 2nd after 90 days), 4. Extensive – 2 cuts per year (1st cut from 16th to 30th June, 2nd after 90 days). There were following variants of the fertilization: A – no fertilization, B – P:K 30:60 kg.ha – 1, C – N:P:K 90:30:60 kg.ha – 1, D – N:P:K 180:30:60 kg.ha – 1. There was the considerable reaction of the permanent grassland on the nutrient application. The highest value of the coefficient of the neutral efficiency was by the fertilization N:P:K 90:30:60 kg of the pure nutrients. By the most of the variants we have noticed the negative nitrogen balance. The negative balance of the phosphorous was marked only by the unfertilized variants. All variants of the permanent grassland utilization had the negative potassium balance. The utilization had the significant influence (P0.01) to all observed indicators. The year had the significant influence too. From the point of view of the rational plant nutrition and of the environment protection from the contamination (especially from the nitrates) it appears as the most advisable the medium intensive type of the utilization with nitrogen dose: N:P:K 90:30:60.