Abstract
The present study reports the occurrence of rotavirus A (RVA), rotavirus D (RVD), rotavirus F (RVF), rotavirus G (RVG), and picobirnavirus (PBV) in fecal specimens of wild (n = 22), and exotic birds (n = 1) from different cities of Pará state. These animals were hospitalized at Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Pará, Brazil, in a period from January 2018 to June 2019. The animals exhibited different clinical signs, such as diarrhea, malnutrition, dehydration, and fractures. The results showed 39.1% (9/23) of positivity for RVA by RT-qPCR. Among these, one sample (1/9) for the NSP3 gene of T2 genotype was characterized. About 88.9% (8/9) for the VP7 gene belonging to G1, G3 equine like and G6 genotypes, and 55.5% (5/9) for the VP4 gene of P[2] genotype were obtained. In the current study, approximately 4.5% of the samples (1/23) revealed coinfection for the RVA, RVD and RVF groups. Furthermore, picobirnavirus (PBV) was detected in one of the 23 samples tested, and was classified in the Genogroup I. The findings represent the first report of RVA, RVD, RVF, RVG, and PBV genotypes in wild birds in Brazil, and due to wide distribution it can implies potential impacts of RVs, and PBVs on avian health, and other animals contributing to construction of new knowledge, and care perspectives.
Highlights
The Brazilian Amazon biome is the largest ecosystem of wildlife biodiversity, and Brazil is the third country that protects the biggest diversity of birds in the world, with registration of 1.919 species [1], and global distribution of 10.429 bird species [2]
Due to the limited knowledge on the epidemiology of these viruses and their impact in Brazilian wildlife, the present study aimed to report the circulation of rotavirus A (RVA), rotavirus D (RVD), rotavirus F (RVF), and PBV in wild and exotic birds from Brazilian Amazon
All samples were tested by Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), RT-qPCR, and RT-PCR/Nested for RVA (NSP3, VP7, VP4, and NSP4 genes), RVD (VP6 gene), RVF (VP6 gene), rotavirus G (RVG) (VP6 gene), and PBV (RdRp gene)
Summary
The Brazilian Amazon biome is the largest ecosystem of wildlife biodiversity, and Brazil is the third country that protects the biggest diversity of birds in the world, with registration of 1.919 species [1], and global distribution of 10.429 bird species [2]. It is a region that suffers anthropic pressure with the advance of deforestation, fires, hunting, and illegal sale of both wild, and exotic species. This situation favors the proximity of wildlife with other animals, and humans, which can lead to maximization, and dispersion of zoonotic pathogens [3,4]. The circulation in wild birds is scarce in the Amazon region [5,6,7]
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