Ocular manifestations of pregnancy and labour: from the innocuous to the sight threatening

Abstract

Key content Pregnancy may precipitate several physiological changes that can have ocular consequences; many of these are innocuous and require little more than reassurance for the patient. There are uncommon instances of new sight‐threatening pathology that necessitate a prompt approach. Pregnant women presenting to the ophthalmologist with ocular symptoms can cause concern because alternative differentials may need to be considered; and the potential teratogenic or fetotoxic effects of investigations or treatment mean that management decisions may, in some cases, differ to those of the nonpregnant patient. Learning objectives To be aware of both physiological and pathological ocular changes that may occur during pregnancy. To develop a greater understanding of investigations and management of ophthalmic and neuro‐ophthalmic disorders in pregnancy. To develop an understanding of referral pathways, enabling an optimal outcome for both mother and baby.