Ocular higher-order aberrations and axial eye growth in young Hong Kong children.

Jason K Lau,Michael J Collins,Sin-Wan Cheung,Pauline Cho,Stephen J Vincent

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-24906-x

Jason K Lau, Michael J Collins + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-24906-x

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Abstract

This retrospective longitudinal analysis aimed to investigate the association between ocular higher-order aberrations (HOAs) and axial eye growth in Hong Kong children. Measures of axial length and ocular HOAs under cycloplegia were obtained annually over a two-year period from 137 subjects aged 8.8 ± 1.4 years with mean spherical equivalent refraction of −2.04 ± 2.38 D. A significant negative association was observed between the RMS of total HOAs and axial eye growth (P = 0.03), after adjusting for other significant predictors of axial length including age, sex and refractive error. Similar negative associations with axial elongation were found for the RMS of spherical aberrations ({{rm{Z}}}_{4}^{0} and {{rm{Z}}}_{6}^{0} combined) (P = 0.037). Another linear mixed model also showed that greater levels of vertical trefoil ({{rm{Z}}}_{3}^{-3}), primary spherical aberration ({{rm{Z}}}_{4}^{0}) and negative oblique trefoil ({{rm{Z}}}_{3}^{3}) were associated with slower axial elongation and longer axial length (all P < 0.05). These findings support the potential role of HOAs, image quality and a vision-dependent mechanism in childhood eye growth.

Highlights

( ) ( ) (Z3−3), primary spherical aberration Z40 and negative oblique trefoil Z33 were associated with slower axial elongation and longer axial length
Participants with pupil diameters of less than 6 mm were excluded from the analysis at these specific visits, since extrapolation of the wavefront data to a larger pupil size is associated with some errors[33] and the linear mixed model (LMM) statistical approach accounts for individual missing data[34]
This study, which examined the longitudinal change in axial length in young Hong Kong children, demonstrates a significant relationship between ocular higher-order aberrations (HOAs) and axial eye growth, indicating that greater levels of inherent total HO RMS displayed slower axial elongation

Summary

Introduction

( ) ( ) (Z3−3), primary spherical aberration Z40 and negative oblique trefoil Z33 were associated with slower axial elongation and longer axial length (all P < 0.05) These findings support the potential role of HOAs, image quality and a vision-dependent mechanism in childhood eye growth. Zhang et al.[30] found a weak but statistically significant positive correlation between HOAs and myopia progression in their cohort of myopes (mean age: 12.1 years). They further compared individual Zernike coefficients in fast and slow progressors and showed that more coma and trefoil were associated with slower myopia progression. In subjects who demonstrated myopia progression, positive www.nature.com/scientificreports/

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