Abstract
Octosporaconidiophora is described as a new species, based on collections from South Africa. It is characterised by apothecia with a distinct margin, smooth or finely warted ellipsoid ascospores, stiff, thick-walled hyaline hairs, warted mycelial hyphae and growth on pleurocarpous mosses Trichosteleumperchlorosum and Sematophyllumbrachycarpum (Hypnales) on decaying wood in afromontane forests. It is the first species of bryophilous Pezizales in which an anamorph has been observed; it produces long, claviform, curved, hyaline and transversely septate conidia. Three other cryptic species of Octospora were detected using three molecular markers (LSU and SSU nrDNA and EF1α), but these could not be distinguished phenotypically. These are not described formally here and an informal species aggregate O.conidiophora agg. is established for them. The new species and finds of Lamprosporacampylopodis growing on Campylopuspyriformis and Neottiellaalbocincta on Atrichumandrogynum represent the first records of bryophilous Pezizales in South Africa.
Highlights
The family Pyronemataceae is highly diverse in terms of morphology and ecologically (Perry et al 2007, Hansen et al 2013)
Molecular dating analysis estimated the basal split of bryophilous Pezizales to be 87–172 Ma old (95% confidence interval; mean = 149 Ma), the basal split of the South African accessions was estimated at 23–73 Ma
O. conidiophora does not fulfil the criteria for categories CR to NT and we propose its evaluation as LC for the present moment
Summary
The family Pyronemataceae is highly diverse in terms of morphology and ecologically (Perry et al 2007, Hansen et al 2013). & M.Vega, Octosporella Döbbeler and Filicupula Y.J.Yao & Spooner These ascomycetes, known as bryoparasitic, bryophilous or bryosymbiotic Pezizales, form ca. 0.2–15 mm broad apothecia or perithecia-like apothecia (in Octosporella), coloured in shades of orange or red They infect their hosts by elaborate infection structures consisting of superficial appressoria and intracellular haustoria (Döbbeler 1980). Rare reports of bryophilous Pezizales from the African continent are known: Lamprospora maireana Seaver, described on the basis of material from Algeria (Seaver 1914); Octospora tetraspora (Fuckel) Korf var. Tetraspora Benkert, as indicated by his revision label; and O. kilimanjarensis J.Moravec, described from Tanzania (Moravec 1997) and later reported from Ethiopia together with a probably undescribed Octospora species (Lindemann 2013) Benkert as O. leucoloma Hedw. var. tetraspora Benkert, as indicated by his revision label; and O. kilimanjarensis J.Moravec, described from Tanzania (Moravec 1997) and later reported from Ethiopia together with a probably undescribed Octospora species (Lindemann 2013)
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