Abstract
Octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT) is a widely used antiseptic molecule, promoting skin wound healing accompanied with improved scar quality after surgical procedures. However, the mechanisms by which OCT is contributing to tissue regeneration are not yet completely clear. In this study, we have used a superficial wound model by tape stripping of ex vivo human skin. Protein profiles of wounded skin biopsies treated with OCT-containing hydrogel and the released secretome were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Proteomics analysis of OCT-treated skin wounds revealed significant lower levels of key players in tissue remodeling as well as reepithelization after wounding such as pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, IL-6) and matrix-metalloproteinases (MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, MMP9) when compared to controls. In addition, enzymatic activity of several released MMPs into culture supernatants was significantly lower in OCT-treated samples. Our data give insights on the mode of action based on which OCT positively influences wound healing and identified anti-inflammatory and protease-inhibitory activities of OCT.
Highlights
Octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT) is a widely used antiseptic molecule, promoting skin wound healing accompanied with improved scar quality after surgical procedures
We found that MMP1 and MMP2 protein levels were significantly lower in the tissue and in the secretome of TS skin biopsies treated with OCT in comparison to controls (Fig. 4A)
Gene Ontology (GO) annotations revealed several biological processes involved in wound healing among proteins found to be downregulated in OCT-treated skin and included extracellular matrix (ECM) disassembly, collagen-catabolic process, proteolysis as well as angiogenesis
Summary
Octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT) is a widely used antiseptic molecule, promoting skin wound healing accompanied with improved scar quality after surgical procedures. During the remodeling phase a variety of proteolytic enzymes, such as matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs), are active They are capable of degrading the ECM, playing a major role in wound healing and tissue neomorphogenesis. Ex vivo skin models are ethically advantageous, because they permit experiments in human tissue that would otherwise be impossible in living individuals They are a simple, fast, and cost-effective tool for decreasing large-scale and expensive animal testing. We have employed a recently established ex vivo human wound model[17,20] and a proteomic as well as ELISA-based approach to determine the protein profile of OCT-treated wounded skin, aiming to further unravel the largely unknown mechanism by which OCT might contribute to tissue regeneration and improved wound healing
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