OCT Angiography Findings in Macula-ON and Macula-OFF Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: A Prospective Study.

Francesco Barca,Chiara Lenzetti,Ruggero Tartaro,Alfonso Savastano,Lucia Finocchio,Francesco Dragotto,Fabrizio Giansanti,Tomaso Caporossi,Gianni Virgili,Daniela Bacherini,Stanislao Rizzo

doi:10.3390/jcm9123982

Abstract

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate pre-operative and post-operative retinal vasculature using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients who underwent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) surgery repair. Materials and Methods: A total of 33 eyes were included in this prospective consecutive observational study: 15 affected by macula-ON and 18 by macula-OFF RRD. Superficial (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area variations were evaluated by OCTA and correlated with visual acuity (VA) during a six-month follow-up. Results: In the macula-ON group, the preoperative vascular density (VD) of the whole SCP (wSCP) on affected eyes was lower than that of the fellow eyes (p < 0.05); this difference disappeared at 6 months after surgery (p = 0.88). The wSCP VD and the parafoveal SCP (pfSCP) VD increased during follow-up (p < 0.05); moreover, the higher the preoperative wSCP and pfSCP VD, the better the baseline VA (p < 0.05). In the macula-OFF group, at the first and sixth months after surgery, the larger the FAZ, the lower the VA (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Macula-ON SCP VD affected preoperative VA, and it was lower than the fellow eye, but recovered over time. In the macula-OFF group, a larger FAZ area was related to a worse VA, as is the case in diabetes and in retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Highlights

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is the separation of the retinal neuroepithelium from the retinal pigmented epithelium due to the presence of subretinal fluid (SRF), which infiltrates under the retina, through a retinal tear
Studies [1,2,3] based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) reported different morphologies and complication of retinal reattachment correlated to a lower best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), a cystoid macular edema (CME), persistent subretinal fluid (PSF), the formation of epiretinal macular membranes (ERM), and the disruption of the inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS)
We identified 96 patients affected by primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) successfully treated with a single procedure of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and scleral buckle (SB) between January 2017 and April 2017

Summary

Introduction

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is the separation of the retinal neuroepithelium from the retinal pigmented epithelium due to the presence of subretinal fluid (SRF), which infiltrates under the retina, through a retinal tear. It could cause a dramatic visual acuity reduction if not rapidly detected and treated. Results: In the macula-ON group, the preoperative vascular density (VD) of the whole SCP (wSCP) on affected eyes was lower than that of the fellow eyes (p < 0.05); this difference disappeared at 6 months after surgery (p = 0.88). In the macula-OFF group, a larger FAZ area was related to a worse VA, as is the case in diabetes and in retinal vein occlusion (RVO)

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