Ocena częstości występowania nadciśnienia tętniczego mierzonego z zastosowaniem całodobowego ambulatoryjnego monitorowania ciśnienia tętniczego (ABPM) u czternastolatków i piętnastolatków – obserwacje wstępne

Abstract

IntroductionHypertension is one of the main factors resulting in the disease of cardiovascular system. Its incidence rises along with age and its significant increase of suffering from hypertension is observed in groups of adolescents. AimThe aim of this study was to present the evaluation of hypertension incidence in groups of adolescents at the age of fourteen and fifteen and defining the incidence of co-occurrence of emotional disorders, obesity and other diseases in children with hypertension. Material and methodsTo date, 959 students at the age of fourteen and fifteen were tested. The ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measurement was obtained with an Oscar 2 oscillometric device. Parents were asked to complete a survey on child and family health. The average value of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) for the daytime and nighttime, blood pressure load and nocturnal dipping were assessed in this trial. In selected patients underwent psychological testing. In all the rated weight, height and BMI percentile using body mass index charts. Results.BP load in excess of 25% was found in 341 students which is the subject 35.55% of the studied group. Mean value of daytime SBP and DBP higher than 95 percentiles for the gender, height and age was obtained in 142 students which is 14,80% of the studied population, mean value of nighttime SBP and DBP respectively in 168 students which is 17.52% of the studied population. Both BP load in excess of 25% and the mean SBP exceeding 95 percentiles in 199 students (20.75%) was detected. In total, the abnormal result of ABPM was gained in 361 of studied population which constitutes 37.64%. A higher proportion of elevated BP and increased mean daytime and nighttime BP were observed for SBP than for DBP. In all children with ambulatory blood pressure abnormality, further trials have been. 209 patients were scheduled to be measured. In the above group the hypertension was established in 85 of studied population. In this group 30.50% of ill patient suffered from emotional disorders; the obesity was detected in 32.94% of patients; in 9.40% of patients both the obesity and emotional disorders co-occurred; in 9.40% of studied patients suffered from the disorder of thyroid gland; in 1.12% of patients the disorder of kidneys was detected. Conclusions1. Increased a frequency of prevalence of elevated blood pressure among young people in the adolescence. 2. The dominant form of hypertension in adolescents was the isolated systolic hypertension. 3. Emotional disorders and obesity often co-occured with the hypertension. 4. Patients with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring abnormal results need the confirmation of diagnosis in the further clinical trials.