Oceanographic Factors in Fishing Ground Location of Anchovy at Teluk Cenderawasih National Park, West Papua : Are These Factors Have an Effect of Whale Sharks Appearance Frequencies?

Kunarso Kunarso,Evi Nurul Ihsan,Anindya Wirasatriya,Siti Yasmina Enita

doi:10.1088/1755-1315/116/1/012017

Kunarso Kunarso, Evi Nurul Ihsan + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/116/1/012017

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Abstract

The appearance frequencies of whale sharks in Teluk Cenderawasih National Park (TCNP) is unique because they appear throughout the year and are not related to any seasons. WWF Indonesia's monitoring results from 2011 untill now showed the appearance of whale sharks is closely related to the presence of fisherman liftnet and anchovies. This study focuses on oceanographic factors in fishing ground areas such as chlorophyll-a and satellite imagery data including chlorophyll-a, Sea surface Temperature (SST) over the last four years resulting in AQUA MODIS level 2 recording with 1km resolution in 2013-2016. The catch of anchovies and chlorophyll-a values showed a fairly good correlation during the west monsoon, 0.305, in addition the relationship between the anchovies with SST has a good correlation value starting in the transition period 1 towards the east monsoon. Based on these data, oceanographic factor conditions in TCNP provide a good opportunity for anchovies that live in warm waters to grow and reproduce. This also influences the appearance of whale sharks closely related to the presence of the anchovies where a positive correlation value is found between the catch of anchovies and whale sharks during the west monsoon and east monsoon in sequence 0,912 and 0.819. Chlorophyll-a and SST have a significant effect on fish catch of anchovies and the appearance frequencies of whale sharks even it were not in all seasons.

Highlights

Teluk Cenderawasih National Park (TCNP) is the largest marine national park in Indonesia located in Nabire Regency of Papua Province (30.98%) and in Teluk Wondama Regency of West Papua Province (69.02%)
This study focuses on oceanographic factors in fishing ground areas such as chlorophyll-a and satellite imagery data including chlorophyll-a, Sea surface Temperature (SST) over the last four years resulting in AQUA MODIS level 2 recording with 1km resolution in 2013-2016
This study aims to determine the oceanographic factors in the form of distribution of chlorophyll-a, SST and nutrient concentration on the appearance of whale sharks in the Kwatisore waters, Nabire regency

Summary

Introduction

Teluk Cenderawasih National Park (TCNP) is the largest marine national park in Indonesia located in Nabire Regency of Papua Province (30.98%) and in Teluk Wondama Regency of West Papua Province (69.02%). The type of zooplankton which is the food of the whale shark is copepods, larvae of crab, molluscs, crustaceans, coral eggs, and fish eggs [1] In recent years, whale sharks have been reported to often roam near TCNP’s coasts, allegedly as a response to the booming of bagan (stationary fishing vessels with lift nets) along the coast This has resulted in TCNP gaining popularity as a tourist destination, the results of which has been both economically rewarding and potentially damaging to the whale shark population itself. The distribution and abundance of biological resources in the ocean is inseparable from the conditions and variations of oceanographic parameters, so it is indispensable for the purpose of sustainable resource use management This shows the oceanographic parameters will affect the presence of fish and the establishment of potential fishing areas. This study aims to determine the oceanographic factors in the form of distribution of chlorophyll-a, SST and nutrient concentration on the appearance of whale sharks in the Kwatisore waters, Nabire regency

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