Abstract
We design an ocean surface drifting buoy system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled wireless powered relay network in which the UAV acts as mobile hybrid access point that broadcasts energy to all buoys in the downlink and forwards information from the buoys to a ship signal tower (ST) in the uplink. In order to maximize the resource allocation efficiency of the system, due to the different initial energy reserve of the buoys, a novel communication mode selection strategy is proposed. In the direct transmission mode (DT mode), an energy-sufficient buoy transmits information directly to the ST, and in the relay transmission mode (RT mode), an energy-insufficient buoy relays information to the ST through the UAV. By applying the block coordinate descent and successive convex optimization, a joint UAV trajectory and resource allocation algorithm is proposed to maximize the minimum throughput of the buoys to work in the RT mode. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the minimum throughput of the ocean surface drifting buoys.
Highlights
As one of the most important ways for humans to explore the ocean, the development of ocean data buoys (ODBs) can be traced back to the 1940s [1]
We proposed a unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled wireless powered relay network (U-WPRN) in which the UAV platform is equipped with hybrid access point (H-AP), broadcasts energy to the buoy node in the downlink, and forwards the information collected from the buoy node to the signal tower of the working ship in the uplink
Assuming that all buoys do not have an initial energy reserve, Bk [0] = 0 and k ∈ K, according to the communication mode selection strategy proposed in this paper; these buoys are marked as BRs and work in relay transmission mode k ∈ K BR, |K BR | = 9
Summary
As one of the most important ways for humans to explore the ocean, the development of ocean data buoys (ODBs) can be traced back to the 1940s [1]. ODB and mainly uses various types of sensors to obtain the relevant data in the surrounding marine environment for ocean investigations, environmental monitoring, and scientific experiments [2]. Argo satellite communication system) and autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) communication. Satellite communications can provide a good solution for buoy communication in deep-sea exploration, there are a number of shortcomings (e.g., low transmission rate, low reliability, and high communication cost), and the use of satellite communications offshore, in inland lakes, and other areas with frequent ship activities may result in a waste of resources. Compared to traditional AUV communications or satellite communications, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled communication networks can reduce networking costs and allow rapid Due to the slow sailing speed of the AUV, the delay of data transmission is high, which means AUV–buoy communication cannot meet real-time data requirements, and the maintenance and recovery of the AUV will introduce a series of new difficulties.
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